Question about the proto-Germanic root hampijaną
This question came as I analyzed the origin of the english words "happy" and "happen" and after my research i found the reconstructed proto-germanic root "hampijaną". However i found that this root only appears in the North Germanic languages and was probably adopted into english from Old Norse. Is it common for some roots to be adopted only in one of the germanic branches?How come it completely disappeared in western germanic languages such as German,Dutch,Low Saxon etc.?
historical-linguistics
edited 9 mins ago
Midas
1,752714
asked 3 hours ago
X30Marco
1255
add a comment |
This question came as I analyzed the origin of the english words "happy" and "happen" and after my research i found the reconstructed proto-germanic root "hampijaną". However i found that this root only appears in the North Germanic languages and was probably adopted into english from Old Norse. Is it common for some roots to be adopted only in one of the germanic branches?How come it completely disappeared in western germanic languages such as German,Dutch,Low Saxon etc.?
historical-linguistics
edited 9 mins ago
Midas
1,752714
asked 3 hours ago
X30Marco
1255
add a comment |
This question came as I analyzed the origin of the english words "happy" and "happen" and after my research i found the reconstructed proto-germanic root "hampijaną". However i found that this root only appears in the North Germanic languages and was probably adopted into english from Old Norse. Is it common for some roots to be adopted only in one of the germanic branches?How come it completely disappeared in western germanic languages such as German,Dutch,Low Saxon etc.?
historical-linguistics
edited 9 mins ago
Midas
1,752714
asked 3 hours ago
X30Marco
1255
This question came as I analyzed the origin of the english words "happy" and "happen" and after my research i found the reconstructed proto-germanic root "hampijaną". However i found that this root only appears in the North Germanic languages and was probably adopted into english from Old Norse. Is it common for some roots to be adopted only in one of the germanic branches?How come it completely disappeared in western germanic languages such as German,Dutch,Low Saxon etc.?
historical-linguistics
historical-linguistics
edited 9 mins ago
Midas
1,752714
asked 3 hours ago
X30Marco
1255
edited 9 mins ago
Midas
1,752714
asked 3 hours ago
X30Marco
1255
edited 9 mins ago
Midas
1,752714
edited 9 mins ago
Midas
1,752714
edited 9 mins ago
Midas
1,752714
1,752714
asked 3 hours ago
X30Marco
1255
asked 3 hours ago
X30Marco
1255
asked 3 hours ago
X30Marco
1255
1255
add a comment |
add a comment |
2 Answers
2
active
oldest
votes
Words die out and become replaced by neologisms at any time. When it happens shortly after a major fork into branches we see only one branch retaining the original word.
It is not really uncommon to find attestations of a certain word only in some sub-branch of a language family, both North Germanic and West Germanic have words that are absent from the other branch.
EDIT: For the definition of a branch, shared innovations (neologisms, sound shifts, grammatical innovations) are necessary. Therefore we see new words (of whatever origin, e.g., composition, loan words, new inventions) in each of the branches as well.
answered 1 hour ago
jknappen
10.6k22752
You might also mention that new words can be picked up by only one branch, either as loans or neologisms. (Though that doesn't seem to be what happened here.)
– Draconis
13 mins ago
add a comment |
“Happy” and “happen” were both formed within English from the noun “hap” (good fortune). The OED (Oxford English Dictionary, on-line version) indicates the etymology of “hap” as follows:
Etymology: Probably < early Scandinavian (compare Old Icelandic happ
(neuter) chance, good luck, success (Icelandic happ), and Norwegian
happ, Swedish regional happ, both masculine), cognate with Norwegian
heppa to happen, Old Danish hap (adjective) lucky, Swedish hampa
(reflexive) to happen (by chance), (regional) happa, habba to happen,
succeed, Danish happe, and further with Old English gehæp (adjective)
suitable, convenient, gehæplic (adjective) convenient, orderly,
probably < the same Indo-European base as Early Irish cob victory
(rare) and Old Church Slavonic kobĭ destiny.
If the Celtic and Slavic parallels are correct, it follows that this root is not restricted to North Germanic, but has to be ascribed to proto-Indo-European. Obviously, it has not been preserved in all branches of IE, or even all branches of Germanic. But this is the way that languages work.
answered 39 mins ago
fdb
16.2k12144
Compare hope, as in "there's hope/there's a chance".
– vectory
25 secs ago
add a comment |
Your Answer
StackExchange.ready(function() {
var channelOptions = {
tags: "".split(" "),
id: "312"
};
initTagRenderer("".split(" "), "".split(" "), channelOptions);
StackExchange.using("externalEditor", function() {
// Have to fire editor after snippets, if snippets enabled
if (StackExchange.settings.snippets.snippetsEnabled) {
StackExchange.using("snippets", function() {
createEditor();
});
}
else {
createEditor();
}
});
function createEditor() {
StackExchange.prepareEditor({
heartbeatType: 'answer',
autoActivateHeartbeat: false,
convertImagesToLinks: false,
noModals: true,
showLowRepImageUploadWarning: true,
reputationToPostImages: null,
bindNavPrevention: true,
postfix: "",
imageUploader: {
brandingHtml: "Powered by u003ca class="icon-imgur-white" href="https://imgur.com/"u003eu003c/au003e",
contentPolicyHtml: "User contributions licensed under u003ca href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/"u003ecc by-sa 3.0 with attribution requiredu003c/au003e u003ca href="https://stackoverflow.com/legal/content-policy"u003e(content policy)u003c/au003e",
allowUrls: true
},
noCode: true, onDemand: true,
discardSelector: ".discard-answer"
,immediatelyShowMarkdownHelp:true
});
}
});
Sign up or log in
StackExchange.ready(function () {
StackExchange.helpers.onClickDraftSave('#login-link');
});
Sign up using Google
Sign up using Facebook
Sign up using Email and Password
Post as a guest
Required, but never shown
StackExchange.ready(
function () {
StackExchange.openid.initPostLogin('.new-post-login', 'https%3a%2f%2flinguistics.stackexchange.com%2fquestions%2f30081%2fquestion-about-the-proto-germanic-root-hampijan%25c4%2585%23new-answer', 'question_page');
}
);
Post as a guest
Required, but never shown
2 Answers
2
active
oldest
votes
2 Answers
2
active
oldest
votes
active
oldest
votes
active
oldest
votes
Words die out and become replaced by neologisms at any time. When it happens shortly after a major fork into branches we see only one branch retaining the original word.
It is not really uncommon to find attestations of a certain word only in some sub-branch of a language family, both North Germanic and West Germanic have words that are absent from the other branch.
EDIT: For the definition of a branch, shared innovations (neologisms, sound shifts, grammatical innovations) are necessary. Therefore we see new words (of whatever origin, e.g., composition, loan words, new inventions) in each of the branches as well.
answered 1 hour ago
jknappen
10.6k22752
You might also mention that new words can be picked up by only one branch, either as loans or neologisms. (Though that doesn't seem to be what happened here.)
– Draconis
13 mins ago
add a comment |
Words die out and become replaced by neologisms at any time. When it happens shortly after a major fork into branches we see only one branch retaining the original word.
It is not really uncommon to find attestations of a certain word only in some sub-branch of a language family, both North Germanic and West Germanic have words that are absent from the other branch.
EDIT: For the definition of a branch, shared innovations (neologisms, sound shifts, grammatical innovations) are necessary. Therefore we see new words (of whatever origin, e.g., composition, loan words, new inventions) in each of the branches as well.
answered 1 hour ago
jknappen
10.6k22752
You might also mention that new words can be picked up by only one branch, either as loans or neologisms. (Though that doesn't seem to be what happened here.)
– Draconis
13 mins ago
add a comment |
Words die out and become replaced by neologisms at any time. When it happens shortly after a major fork into branches we see only one branch retaining the original word.
It is not really uncommon to find attestations of a certain word only in some sub-branch of a language family, both North Germanic and West Germanic have words that are absent from the other branch.
EDIT: For the definition of a branch, shared innovations (neologisms, sound shifts, grammatical innovations) are necessary. Therefore we see new words (of whatever origin, e.g., composition, loan words, new inventions) in each of the branches as well.
answered 1 hour ago
jknappen
10.6k22752
Words die out and become replaced by neologisms at any time. When it happens shortly after a major fork into branches we see only one branch retaining the original word.
It is not really uncommon to find attestations of a certain word only in some sub-branch of a language family, both North Germanic and West Germanic have words that are absent from the other branch.
EDIT: For the definition of a branch, shared innovations (neologisms, sound shifts, grammatical innovations) are necessary. Therefore we see new words (of whatever origin, e.g., composition, loan words, new inventions) in each of the branches as well.
answered 1 hour ago
jknappen
10.6k22752
edited 2 mins ago
answered 1 hour ago
jknappen
10.6k22752
answered 1 hour ago
jknappen
10.6k22752
answered 1 hour ago
jknappen
10.6k22752
10.6k22752
You might also mention that new words can be picked up by only one branch, either as loans or neologisms. (Though that doesn't seem to be what happened here.)
– Draconis
13 mins ago
add a comment |
You might also mention that new words can be picked up by only one branch, either as loans or neologisms. (Though that doesn't seem to be what happened here.)
– Draconis
13 mins ago
You might also mention that new words can be picked up by only one branch, either as loans or neologisms. (Though that doesn't seem to be what happened here.)
– Draconis
13 mins ago
You might also mention that new words can be picked up by only one branch, either as loans or neologisms. (Though that doesn't seem to be what happened here.)
– Draconis
13 mins ago
add a comment |
“Happy” and “happen” were both formed within English from the noun “hap” (good fortune). The OED (Oxford English Dictionary, on-line version) indicates the etymology of “hap” as follows:
Etymology: Probably < early Scandinavian (compare Old Icelandic happ
(neuter) chance, good luck, success (Icelandic happ), and Norwegian
happ, Swedish regional happ, both masculine), cognate with Norwegian
heppa to happen, Old Danish hap (adjective) lucky, Swedish hampa
(reflexive) to happen (by chance), (regional) happa, habba to happen,
succeed, Danish happe, and further with Old English gehæp (adjective)
suitable, convenient, gehæplic (adjective) convenient, orderly,
probably < the same Indo-European base as Early Irish cob victory
(rare) and Old Church Slavonic kobĭ destiny.
If the Celtic and Slavic parallels are correct, it follows that this root is not restricted to North Germanic, but has to be ascribed to proto-Indo-European. Obviously, it has not been preserved in all branches of IE, or even all branches of Germanic. But this is the way that languages work.
answered 39 mins ago
fdb
16.2k12144
Compare hope, as in "there's hope/there's a chance".
– vectory
25 secs ago
add a comment |
“Happy” and “happen” were both formed within English from the noun “hap” (good fortune). The OED (Oxford English Dictionary, on-line version) indicates the etymology of “hap” as follows:
Etymology: Probably < early Scandinavian (compare Old Icelandic happ
(neuter) chance, good luck, success (Icelandic happ), and Norwegian
happ, Swedish regional happ, both masculine), cognate with Norwegian
heppa to happen, Old Danish hap (adjective) lucky, Swedish hampa
(reflexive) to happen (by chance), (regional) happa, habba to happen,
succeed, Danish happe, and further with Old English gehæp (adjective)
suitable, convenient, gehæplic (adjective) convenient, orderly,
probably < the same Indo-European base as Early Irish cob victory
(rare) and Old Church Slavonic kobĭ destiny.
If the Celtic and Slavic parallels are correct, it follows that this root is not restricted to North Germanic, but has to be ascribed to proto-Indo-European. Obviously, it has not been preserved in all branches of IE, or even all branches of Germanic. But this is the way that languages work.
answered 39 mins ago
fdb
16.2k12144
Compare hope, as in "there's hope/there's a chance".
– vectory
25 secs ago
add a comment |
“Happy” and “happen” were both formed within English from the noun “hap” (good fortune). The OED (Oxford English Dictionary, on-line version) indicates the etymology of “hap” as follows:
Etymology: Probably < early Scandinavian (compare Old Icelandic happ
(neuter) chance, good luck, success (Icelandic happ), and Norwegian
happ, Swedish regional happ, both masculine), cognate with Norwegian
heppa to happen, Old Danish hap (adjective) lucky, Swedish hampa
(reflexive) to happen (by chance), (regional) happa, habba to happen,
succeed, Danish happe, and further with Old English gehæp (adjective)
suitable, convenient, gehæplic (adjective) convenient, orderly,
probably < the same Indo-European base as Early Irish cob victory
(rare) and Old Church Slavonic kobĭ destiny.
If the Celtic and Slavic parallels are correct, it follows that this root is not restricted to North Germanic, but has to be ascribed to proto-Indo-European. Obviously, it has not been preserved in all branches of IE, or even all branches of Germanic. But this is the way that languages work.
answered 39 mins ago
fdb
16.2k12144
“Happy” and “happen” were both formed within English from the noun “hap” (good fortune). The OED (Oxford English Dictionary, on-line version) indicates the etymology of “hap” as follows:
Etymology: Probably < early Scandinavian (compare Old Icelandic happ
(neuter) chance, good luck, success (Icelandic happ), and Norwegian
happ, Swedish regional happ, both masculine), cognate with Norwegian
heppa to happen, Old Danish hap (adjective) lucky, Swedish hampa
(reflexive) to happen (by chance), (regional) happa, habba to happen,
succeed, Danish happe, and further with Old English gehæp (adjective)
suitable, convenient, gehæplic (adjective) convenient, orderly,
probably < the same Indo-European base as Early Irish cob victory
(rare) and Old Church Slavonic kobĭ destiny.
If the Celtic and Slavic parallels are correct, it follows that this root is not restricted to North Germanic, but has to be ascribed to proto-Indo-European. Obviously, it has not been preserved in all branches of IE, or even all branches of Germanic. But this is the way that languages work.
answered 39 mins ago
fdb
16.2k12144
answered 39 mins ago
fdb
16.2k12144
answered 39 mins ago
fdb
16.2k12144
answered 39 mins ago
fdb
16.2k12144
16.2k12144
Compare hope, as in "there's hope/there's a chance".
– vectory
25 secs ago
add a comment |
Compare hope, as in "there's hope/there's a chance".
– vectory
25 secs ago
Compare hope, as in "there's hope/there's a chance".
– vectory
25 secs ago
Compare hope, as in "there's hope/there's a chance".
– vectory
25 secs ago
add a comment |
Thanks for contributing an answer to Linguistics Stack Exchange!
- Please be sure to answer the question. Provide details and share your research!
But avoid …
- Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers.
- Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience.
To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers.
Some of your past answers have not been well-received, and you're in danger of being blocked from answering.
Please pay close attention to the following guidance:
- Please be sure to answer the question. Provide details and share your research!
But avoid …
- Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers.
- Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience.
To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers.
Sign up or log in
StackExchange.ready(function () {
StackExchange.helpers.onClickDraftSave('#login-link');
});
Sign up using Google
Sign up using Facebook
Sign up using Email and Password
Post as a guest
Required, but never shown
StackExchange.ready(
function () {
StackExchange.openid.initPostLogin('.new-post-login', 'https%3a%2f%2flinguistics.stackexchange.com%2fquestions%2f30081%2fquestion-about-the-proto-germanic-root-hampijan%25c4%2585%23new-answer', 'question_page');
}
);
Post as a guest
Required, but never shown
Sign up or log in
StackExchange.ready(function () {
StackExchange.helpers.onClickDraftSave('#login-link');
});
Sign up using Google
Sign up using Facebook
Sign up using Email and Password
Post as a guest
Required, but never shown
Sign up or log in
StackExchange.ready(function () {
StackExchange.helpers.onClickDraftSave('#login-link');
});
Sign up using Google
Sign up using Facebook
Sign up using Email and Password
Post as a guest
Required, but never shown
Sign up or log in
StackExchange.ready(function () {
StackExchange.helpers.onClickDraftSave('#login-link');
});
Sign up using Google
Sign up using Facebook
Sign up using Email and Password
Sign up using Google
Sign up using Facebook
Sign up using Email and Password
Post as a guest
Required, but never shown
Required, but never shown
Required, but never shown
Required, but never shown
Required, but never shown
Required, but never shown
Required, but never shown
Required, but never shown
Required, but never shown
