Change password in headless mode












2














I am building a script to fully automate a VPS setup, and I need to change the root password. I would like to avoid typing it as the script is running through SSH.



Is there a way to redirect an arbitrary value to the input of passwd command?



EDIT



I know for passwd < passwd_file.txt containing the password twice... I would like to know if there is a more elegant way as it seems a little bit clumsy to use a temp file for this purpose.






shell ubuntu io-redirection password







share|improve this question
























  • Why not just set a disabled password usermod -p '*' root, and setup SSH key-based authentication?
    – Zoredache
    Apr 13 '12 at 18:16












  • I would like to keep a (strong) password to be able to log from another user.
    – Mike Aski
    Apr 14 '12 at 5:45










  • expect also works for may things
    – RobotHumans
    Apr 14 '12 at 6:06










  • I finally found the solution: see below...
    – Mike Aski
    Apr 14 '12 at 6:07
















2














I am building a script to fully automate a VPS setup, and I need to change the root password. I would like to avoid typing it as the script is running through SSH.



Is there a way to redirect an arbitrary value to the input of passwd command?



EDIT



I know for passwd < passwd_file.txt containing the password twice... I would like to know if there is a more elegant way as it seems a little bit clumsy to use a temp file for this purpose.






shell ubuntu io-redirection password







share|improve this question
























  • Why not just set a disabled password usermod -p '*' root, and setup SSH key-based authentication?
    – Zoredache
    Apr 13 '12 at 18:16












  • I would like to keep a (strong) password to be able to log from another user.
    – Mike Aski
    Apr 14 '12 at 5:45










  • expect also works for may things
    – RobotHumans
    Apr 14 '12 at 6:06










  • I finally found the solution: see below...
    – Mike Aski
    Apr 14 '12 at 6:07














2












2








2


0





I am building a script to fully automate a VPS setup, and I need to change the root password. I would like to avoid typing it as the script is running through SSH.



Is there a way to redirect an arbitrary value to the input of passwd command?



EDIT



I know for passwd < passwd_file.txt containing the password twice... I would like to know if there is a more elegant way as it seems a little bit clumsy to use a temp file for this purpose.






shell ubuntu io-redirection password







share|improve this question















I am building a script to fully automate a VPS setup, and I need to change the root password. I would like to avoid typing it as the script is running through SSH.



Is there a way to redirect an arbitrary value to the input of passwd command?



EDIT



I know for passwd < passwd_file.txt containing the password twice... I would like to know if there is a more elegant way as it seems a little bit clumsy to use a temp file for this purpose.






shell ubuntu io-redirection password




shell ubuntu io-redirection password






share|improve this question















share|improve this question













share|improve this question




share|improve this question








edited Apr 28 '12 at 16:12









Caleb

50.3k9146191




50.3k9146191










asked Apr 13 '12 at 16:46









Mike Aski

12318




12318












  • Why not just set a disabled password usermod -p '*' root, and setup SSH key-based authentication?
    – Zoredache
    Apr 13 '12 at 18:16












  • I would like to keep a (strong) password to be able to log from another user.
    – Mike Aski
    Apr 14 '12 at 5:45










  • expect also works for may things
    – RobotHumans
    Apr 14 '12 at 6:06










  • I finally found the solution: see below...
    – Mike Aski
    Apr 14 '12 at 6:07


















  • Why not just set a disabled password usermod -p '*' root, and setup SSH key-based authentication?
    – Zoredache
    Apr 13 '12 at 18:16












  • I would like to keep a (strong) password to be able to log from another user.
    – Mike Aski
    Apr 14 '12 at 5:45










  • expect also works for may things
    – RobotHumans
    Apr 14 '12 at 6:06










  • I finally found the solution: see below...
    – Mike Aski
    Apr 14 '12 at 6:07
















Why not just set a disabled password usermod -p '*' root, and setup SSH key-based authentication?
– Zoredache
Apr 13 '12 at 18:16






Why not just set a disabled password usermod -p '*' root, and setup SSH key-based authentication?
– Zoredache
Apr 13 '12 at 18:16














I would like to keep a (strong) password to be able to log from another user.
– Mike Aski
Apr 14 '12 at 5:45




I would like to keep a (strong) password to be able to log from another user.
– Mike Aski
Apr 14 '12 at 5:45












expect also works for may things
– RobotHumans
Apr 14 '12 at 6:06




expect also works for may things
– RobotHumans
Apr 14 '12 at 6:06












I finally found the solution: see below...
– Mike Aski
Apr 14 '12 at 6:07




I finally found the solution: see below...
– Mike Aski
Apr 14 '12 at 6:07










4 Answers
4






active

oldest

votes


















4














You don't say what version of UNIX you're using, but on Linux the passwd(1) man page shows:



   --stdin

          This option is used to indicate that passwd should read the  new

          password from standard input, which can be a pipe.


So all you have to do is run:



echo 'somepassword' | passwd --stdin


Edit to add: more portable is chpasswd which exists on (at least) both Red Hat and Ubuntu:



echo 'someuser:somepassword' | chpasswd


See the man page.






share|improve this answer























  • I would have been really fond of this option, but it does not exists on Ubuntu... :-(
    – Mike Aski
    Apr 14 '12 at 5:47










  • You can use chpasswd. That exists on both Red Hat and Ubuntu.
    – MadScientist
    Apr 28 '12 at 15:33



















1














I think you'll have a tough time doing what you want. The passwd command goes to great lengths to avoid just the situation you describe, so as to hinder any password guessing schemes, and circumvent a lot of potential security problems.



Can you use the useradd command? Typical linux useradd has a "-p" or "--password" option that lets you set the encrypted password to some value. You can get that encrypted password out of the file /etc/shadow.



The other option is to monkey with the file /etc/shadow. It shouldn't be too hard to used sed or something to change the salted, encrypted root password.






share|improve this answer





















  • First, thanks for your quick reply. But useradd is not recommended, man pages says I should prefer adduser... And second option is yet worst than mine... ;-P
    – Mike Aski
    Apr 13 '12 at 16:53








  • 1




    @MikeAski, On many systems adduser is simply a front-end to useradd. For general interactive usage, the adduser command is preferred since it usually has a number of useful defaults. From a script useradd, or in this case usermod is potentially a valid choice.
    – Zoredache
    Apr 13 '12 at 18:15



















1














Yes! Found the way. printf saved me:



HOST=...

echo "Root password? " && read -r ROOT_PASSWORD

...

ssh root@$HOST <<EOF

    printf "$ROOT_PASSWORDn$ROOT_PASSWORDn" | passwd

EOF


That is to me the best way out: clean & perfectly secure as password never get on local nether remote host in clear (through ssh connection only).






share|improve this answer





























    0














    You could wrap tmux around passwd:



    tmux new-session -ds chpwd passwd
    
tmux send-keys -t chpwd NEWPASSWORD$'n'
    
tmux send-keys -t chpwd NEWPASSWORD$'n'


    Run as root of course.






    share|improve this answer





















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      4 Answers
      4






      active

      oldest

      votes








      4 Answers
      4






      active

      oldest

      votes









      active

      oldest

      votes






      active

      oldest

      votes









      4














      You don't say what version of UNIX you're using, but on Linux the passwd(1) man page shows:



         --stdin
      
          This option is used to indicate that passwd should read the  new
      
          password from standard input, which can be a pipe.


      So all you have to do is run:



      echo 'somepassword' | passwd --stdin


      Edit to add: more portable is chpasswd which exists on (at least) both Red Hat and Ubuntu:



      echo 'someuser:somepassword' | chpasswd


      See the man page.






      share|improve this answer























      • I would have been really fond of this option, but it does not exists on Ubuntu... :-(
        – Mike Aski
        Apr 14 '12 at 5:47










      • You can use chpasswd. That exists on both Red Hat and Ubuntu.
        – MadScientist
        Apr 28 '12 at 15:33
















      4














      You don't say what version of UNIX you're using, but on Linux the passwd(1) man page shows:



         --stdin
      
          This option is used to indicate that passwd should read the  new
      
          password from standard input, which can be a pipe.


      So all you have to do is run:



      echo 'somepassword' | passwd --stdin


      Edit to add: more portable is chpasswd which exists on (at least) both Red Hat and Ubuntu:



      echo 'someuser:somepassword' | chpasswd


      See the man page.






      share|improve this answer























      • I would have been really fond of this option, but it does not exists on Ubuntu... :-(
        – Mike Aski
        Apr 14 '12 at 5:47










      • You can use chpasswd. That exists on both Red Hat and Ubuntu.
        – MadScientist
        Apr 28 '12 at 15:33














      4












      4








      4






      You don't say what version of UNIX you're using, but on Linux the passwd(1) man page shows:



         --stdin
      
          This option is used to indicate that passwd should read the  new
      
          password from standard input, which can be a pipe.


      So all you have to do is run:



      echo 'somepassword' | passwd --stdin


      Edit to add: more portable is chpasswd which exists on (at least) both Red Hat and Ubuntu:



      echo 'someuser:somepassword' | chpasswd


      See the man page.






      share|improve this answer














      You don't say what version of UNIX you're using, but on Linux the passwd(1) man page shows:



         --stdin
      
          This option is used to indicate that passwd should read the  new
      
          password from standard input, which can be a pipe.


      So all you have to do is run:



      echo 'somepassword' | passwd --stdin


      Edit to add: more portable is chpasswd which exists on (at least) both Red Hat and Ubuntu:



      echo 'someuser:somepassword' | chpasswd


      See the man page.







      share|improve this answer














      share|improve this answer



      share|improve this answer








      edited Apr 28 '12 at 15:35

























      answered Apr 13 '12 at 19:32









      MadScientist

      1,92811316




      1,92811316












      • I would have been really fond of this option, but it does not exists on Ubuntu... :-(
        – Mike Aski
        Apr 14 '12 at 5:47










      • You can use chpasswd. That exists on both Red Hat and Ubuntu.
        – MadScientist
        Apr 28 '12 at 15:33


















      • I would have been really fond of this option, but it does not exists on Ubuntu... :-(
        – Mike Aski
        Apr 14 '12 at 5:47










      • You can use chpasswd. That exists on both Red Hat and Ubuntu.
        – MadScientist
        Apr 28 '12 at 15:33
















      I would have been really fond of this option, but it does not exists on Ubuntu... :-(
      – Mike Aski
      Apr 14 '12 at 5:47




      I would have been really fond of this option, but it does not exists on Ubuntu... :-(
      – Mike Aski
      Apr 14 '12 at 5:47












      You can use chpasswd. That exists on both Red Hat and Ubuntu.
      – MadScientist
      Apr 28 '12 at 15:33




      You can use chpasswd. That exists on both Red Hat and Ubuntu.
      – MadScientist
      Apr 28 '12 at 15:33













      1














      I think you'll have a tough time doing what you want. The passwd command goes to great lengths to avoid just the situation you describe, so as to hinder any password guessing schemes, and circumvent a lot of potential security problems.



      Can you use the useradd command? Typical linux useradd has a "-p" or "--password" option that lets you set the encrypted password to some value. You can get that encrypted password out of the file /etc/shadow.



      The other option is to monkey with the file /etc/shadow. It shouldn't be too hard to used sed or something to change the salted, encrypted root password.






      share|improve this answer





















      • First, thanks for your quick reply. But useradd is not recommended, man pages says I should prefer adduser... And second option is yet worst than mine... ;-P
        – Mike Aski
        Apr 13 '12 at 16:53








      • 1




        @MikeAski, On many systems adduser is simply a front-end to useradd. For general interactive usage, the adduser command is preferred since it usually has a number of useful defaults. From a script useradd, or in this case usermod is potentially a valid choice.
        – Zoredache
        Apr 13 '12 at 18:15
















      1














      I think you'll have a tough time doing what you want. The passwd command goes to great lengths to avoid just the situation you describe, so as to hinder any password guessing schemes, and circumvent a lot of potential security problems.



      Can you use the useradd command? Typical linux useradd has a "-p" or "--password" option that lets you set the encrypted password to some value. You can get that encrypted password out of the file /etc/shadow.



      The other option is to monkey with the file /etc/shadow. It shouldn't be too hard to used sed or something to change the salted, encrypted root password.






      share|improve this answer





















      • First, thanks for your quick reply. But useradd is not recommended, man pages says I should prefer adduser... And second option is yet worst than mine... ;-P
        – Mike Aski
        Apr 13 '12 at 16:53








      • 1




        @MikeAski, On many systems adduser is simply a front-end to useradd. For general interactive usage, the adduser command is preferred since it usually has a number of useful defaults. From a script useradd, or in this case usermod is potentially a valid choice.
        – Zoredache
        Apr 13 '12 at 18:15














      1












      1








      1






      I think you'll have a tough time doing what you want. The passwd command goes to great lengths to avoid just the situation you describe, so as to hinder any password guessing schemes, and circumvent a lot of potential security problems.



      Can you use the useradd command? Typical linux useradd has a "-p" or "--password" option that lets you set the encrypted password to some value. You can get that encrypted password out of the file /etc/shadow.



      The other option is to monkey with the file /etc/shadow. It shouldn't be too hard to used sed or something to change the salted, encrypted root password.






      share|improve this answer












      I think you'll have a tough time doing what you want. The passwd command goes to great lengths to avoid just the situation you describe, so as to hinder any password guessing schemes, and circumvent a lot of potential security problems.



      Can you use the useradd command? Typical linux useradd has a "-p" or "--password" option that lets you set the encrypted password to some value. You can get that encrypted password out of the file /etc/shadow.



      The other option is to monkey with the file /etc/shadow. It shouldn't be too hard to used sed or something to change the salted, encrypted root password.







      share|improve this answer












      share|improve this answer



      share|improve this answer










      answered Apr 13 '12 at 16:52









      Bruce Ediger

      34.7k566119




      34.7k566119












      • First, thanks for your quick reply. But useradd is not recommended, man pages says I should prefer adduser... And second option is yet worst than mine... ;-P
        – Mike Aski
        Apr 13 '12 at 16:53








      • 1




        @MikeAski, On many systems adduser is simply a front-end to useradd. For general interactive usage, the adduser command is preferred since it usually has a number of useful defaults. From a script useradd, or in this case usermod is potentially a valid choice.
        – Zoredache
        Apr 13 '12 at 18:15


















      • First, thanks for your quick reply. But useradd is not recommended, man pages says I should prefer adduser... And second option is yet worst than mine... ;-P
        – Mike Aski
        Apr 13 '12 at 16:53








      • 1




        @MikeAski, On many systems adduser is simply a front-end to useradd. For general interactive usage, the adduser command is preferred since it usually has a number of useful defaults. From a script useradd, or in this case usermod is potentially a valid choice.
        – Zoredache
        Apr 13 '12 at 18:15
















      First, thanks for your quick reply. But useradd is not recommended, man pages says I should prefer adduser... And second option is yet worst than mine... ;-P
      – Mike Aski
      Apr 13 '12 at 16:53






      First, thanks for your quick reply. But useradd is not recommended, man pages says I should prefer adduser... And second option is yet worst than mine... ;-P
      – Mike Aski
      Apr 13 '12 at 16:53






      1




      1




      @MikeAski, On many systems adduser is simply a front-end to useradd. For general interactive usage, the adduser command is preferred since it usually has a number of useful defaults. From a script useradd, or in this case usermod is potentially a valid choice.
      – Zoredache
      Apr 13 '12 at 18:15




      @MikeAski, On many systems adduser is simply a front-end to useradd. For general interactive usage, the adduser command is preferred since it usually has a number of useful defaults. From a script useradd, or in this case usermod is potentially a valid choice.
      – Zoredache
      Apr 13 '12 at 18:15











      1














      Yes! Found the way. printf saved me:



      HOST=...
      
echo "Root password? " && read -r ROOT_PASSWORD
      
...
      
ssh root@$HOST <<EOF
      
    printf "$ROOT_PASSWORDn$ROOT_PASSWORDn" | passwd
      
EOF


      That is to me the best way out: clean & perfectly secure as password never get on local nether remote host in clear (through ssh connection only).






      share|improve this answer


























        1














        Yes! Found the way. printf saved me:



        HOST=...
        
echo "Root password? " && read -r ROOT_PASSWORD
        
...
        
ssh root@$HOST <<EOF
        
    printf "$ROOT_PASSWORDn$ROOT_PASSWORDn" | passwd
        
EOF


        That is to me the best way out: clean & perfectly secure as password never get on local nether remote host in clear (through ssh connection only).






        share|improve this answer
























          1












          1








          1






          Yes! Found the way. printf saved me:



          HOST=...
          
echo "Root password? " && read -r ROOT_PASSWORD
          
...
          
ssh root@$HOST <<EOF
          
    printf "$ROOT_PASSWORDn$ROOT_PASSWORDn" | passwd
          
EOF


          That is to me the best way out: clean & perfectly secure as password never get on local nether remote host in clear (through ssh connection only).






          share|improve this answer












          Yes! Found the way. printf saved me:



          HOST=...
          
echo "Root password? " && read -r ROOT_PASSWORD
          
...
          
ssh root@$HOST <<EOF
          
    printf "$ROOT_PASSWORDn$ROOT_PASSWORDn" | passwd
          
EOF


          That is to me the best way out: clean & perfectly secure as password never get on local nether remote host in clear (through ssh connection only).







          share|improve this answer












          share|improve this answer



          share|improve this answer










          answered Apr 14 '12 at 6:06









          Mike Aski

          12318




          12318























              0














              You could wrap tmux around passwd:



              tmux new-session -ds chpwd passwd
              
tmux send-keys -t chpwd NEWPASSWORD$'n'
              
tmux send-keys -t chpwd NEWPASSWORD$'n'


              Run as root of course.






              share|improve this answer


























                0














                You could wrap tmux around passwd:



                tmux new-session -ds chpwd passwd
                
tmux send-keys -t chpwd NEWPASSWORD$'n'
                
tmux send-keys -t chpwd NEWPASSWORD$'n'


                Run as root of course.






                share|improve this answer
























                  0












                  0








                  0






                  You could wrap tmux around passwd:



                  tmux new-session -ds chpwd passwd
                  
tmux send-keys -t chpwd NEWPASSWORD$'n'
                  
tmux send-keys -t chpwd NEWPASSWORD$'n'


                  Run as root of course.






                  share|improve this answer












                  You could wrap tmux around passwd:



                  tmux new-session -ds chpwd passwd
                  
tmux send-keys -t chpwd NEWPASSWORD$'n'
                  
tmux send-keys -t chpwd NEWPASSWORD$'n'


                  Run as root of course.







                  share|improve this answer












                  share|improve this answer



                  share|improve this answer










                  answered Apr 13 '12 at 17:25









                  Thor

                  11.6k13358




                  11.6k13358






























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                      Souastre

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                      Souastre — miejscowość i gmina — Herb Państwo   Francja Region Hauts-de-France Departament Pas-de-Calais Okręg Arras Kod INSEE 62800 Powierzchnia 7,18 km² Populacja  (1990) • liczba ludności 352 • gęstość 49 os./km² Kod pocztowy 62111 Położenie na mapie Francji Souastre 50°09′N   2°34′E / 50,150000   2,566667 Portal Francja Souastre – miejscowość i gmina we Francji, w regionie Hauts-de-France, w departamencie Pas-de-Calais. Według danych na rok 1990 gminę zamieszkiwały 352 osoby, a gęstość zaludnienia wynosiła 49 osób/km² (wśród 1549 gmin regionu Nord-Pas-de-Calais Souastre plasuje się na 887. miejscu pod względem liczby ludności, natomiast pod względem powierzchni na miejscu 507.). Bibliografia | Francuski urząd statystyczny ( fr. ) . p   •   d   •   e Gminy okręgu Arras Ablain-Saint-Nazaire Ablainzevelle Acheville Achicourt Achiet-le-Grand Achiet-le-Pe...
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