Fast element-wise division of matrix, generated from vector with `Outer`, and another matrix












5














m = {a, b, c};
n = {{e, r, t}, {y, u, i}, {g, h, j}};
k = Outer[Divide, m, m];
k/n


gives



{{1/e, a/(b r), a/(c t)}, {b/(a y), 1/u, b/(c i)}, {c/(a g), c/(b h), 
1/j}}


I want to do this with very large matrices filled with numbers of arbitrary precision. Is there a faster way?



EDIT



The sizes I am looking at for my practical applications start at 20000 and 20000^2 for the vector and matrix, respectively (of course the examples don't have to be with that many).



I am also interested in any method that might parallelise well.










share|improve this question
























  • What is the length of m in practical use?
    – Αλέξανδρος Ζεγγ
    Dec 13 at 3:03










  • You can try m/(n ConstantArray[m, Length[m]]) and see how fast it is.
    – C. E.
    Dec 13 at 5:22










  • @ΑλέξανδροςΖεγγ I editted my question to include some information on that.
    – ThunderBiggi
    Dec 13 at 6:46
















5














m = {a, b, c};
n = {{e, r, t}, {y, u, i}, {g, h, j}};
k = Outer[Divide, m, m];
k/n


gives



{{1/e, a/(b r), a/(c t)}, {b/(a y), 1/u, b/(c i)}, {c/(a g), c/(b h), 
1/j}}


I want to do this with very large matrices filled with numbers of arbitrary precision. Is there a faster way?



EDIT



The sizes I am looking at for my practical applications start at 20000 and 20000^2 for the vector and matrix, respectively (of course the examples don't have to be with that many).



I am also interested in any method that might parallelise well.










share|improve this question
























  • What is the length of m in practical use?
    – Αλέξανδρος Ζεγγ
    Dec 13 at 3:03










  • You can try m/(n ConstantArray[m, Length[m]]) and see how fast it is.
    – C. E.
    Dec 13 at 5:22










  • @ΑλέξανδροςΖεγγ I editted my question to include some information on that.
    – ThunderBiggi
    Dec 13 at 6:46














5












5








5


1





m = {a, b, c};
n = {{e, r, t}, {y, u, i}, {g, h, j}};
k = Outer[Divide, m, m];
k/n


gives



{{1/e, a/(b r), a/(c t)}, {b/(a y), 1/u, b/(c i)}, {c/(a g), c/(b h), 
1/j}}


I want to do this with very large matrices filled with numbers of arbitrary precision. Is there a faster way?



EDIT



The sizes I am looking at for my practical applications start at 20000 and 20000^2 for the vector and matrix, respectively (of course the examples don't have to be with that many).



I am also interested in any method that might parallelise well.










share|improve this question















m = {a, b, c};
n = {{e, r, t}, {y, u, i}, {g, h, j}};
k = Outer[Divide, m, m];
k/n


gives



{{1/e, a/(b r), a/(c t)}, {b/(a y), 1/u, b/(c i)}, {c/(a g), c/(b h), 
1/j}}


I want to do this with very large matrices filled with numbers of arbitrary precision. Is there a faster way?



EDIT



The sizes I am looking at for my practical applications start at 20000 and 20000^2 for the vector and matrix, respectively (of course the examples don't have to be with that many).



I am also interested in any method that might parallelise well.







list-manipulation matrix performance-tuning array






share|improve this question















share|improve this question













share|improve this question




share|improve this question








edited Dec 13 at 6:45

























asked Dec 12 at 23:45









ThunderBiggi

383112




383112












  • What is the length of m in practical use?
    – Αλέξανδρος Ζεγγ
    Dec 13 at 3:03










  • You can try m/(n ConstantArray[m, Length[m]]) and see how fast it is.
    – C. E.
    Dec 13 at 5:22










  • @ΑλέξανδροςΖεγγ I editted my question to include some information on that.
    – ThunderBiggi
    Dec 13 at 6:46


















  • What is the length of m in practical use?
    – Αλέξανδρος Ζεγγ
    Dec 13 at 3:03










  • You can try m/(n ConstantArray[m, Length[m]]) and see how fast it is.
    – C. E.
    Dec 13 at 5:22










  • @ΑλέξανδροςΖεγγ I editted my question to include some information on that.
    – ThunderBiggi
    Dec 13 at 6:46
















What is the length of m in practical use?
– Αλέξανδρος Ζεγγ
Dec 13 at 3:03




What is the length of m in practical use?
– Αλέξανδρος Ζεγγ
Dec 13 at 3:03












You can try m/(n ConstantArray[m, Length[m]]) and see how fast it is.
– C. E.
Dec 13 at 5:22




You can try m/(n ConstantArray[m, Length[m]]) and see how fast it is.
– C. E.
Dec 13 at 5:22












@ΑλέξανδροςΖεγγ I editted my question to include some information on that.
– ThunderBiggi
Dec 13 at 6:46




@ΑλέξανδροςΖεγγ I editted my question to include some information on that.
– ThunderBiggi
Dec 13 at 6:46










2 Answers
2






active

oldest

votes


















6














m = RandomReal[{-1, 1}, {2000}];
n = RandomReal[{-1, 1}, {2000, 2000}];
a = Outer[Divide, m, m]/n; // RepeatedTiming // First
b = Map[#/m &, MapThread[#1 #2 &, {m, 1/n}]]; //
RepeatedTiming // First
c = m /(ConstantArray[m, Length[m]] n); // RepeatedTiming // First
d = KroneckerProduct[m, 1./m]/n; // RepeatedTiming // First
a == b == c == d



0.958



0.128



0.0281



0.0236



True




Edit



A parallelized version



cf = Compile[{{x, _Real}, {y, _Real, 1}, {z, _Real, 1}},
x/(y z),
CompilationTarget -> "C",
RuntimeAttributes -> {Listable},
Parallelization -> True,
RuntimeOptions -> "Speed"
];
e = cf[m, n, m]; // RepeatedTiming // First
a == e



0.0096



True




Timing has been measured on a Quad Core CPU which shows that this does not scale too well. Btw., the timing with CompilationTarget -> "C" is only 4% slower, so there is always no point to compile it into a library.






share|improve this answer























  • I was just typing a comparison of the answers so far, but you were first. I wouldn't've expected that KroneckerProduct would be that quick. Any ideas on any way that might parallelise well? I will edit my question to include that as well.
    – ThunderBiggi
    Dec 13 at 6:43










  • See my edit for a parallelized version.
    – Henrik Schumacher
    Dec 13 at 7:03










  • I am using arbitrary precision numbers, so I guess 'Compile' is not really an option.
    – ThunderBiggi
    Dec 13 at 7:38










  • Also, interestingly, but on my machine, with Mathematica 11.3, a is faster than b though still slower than the other two.
    – ThunderBiggi
    Dec 13 at 7:42












  • Yeah, I was also surprised that a was so slow on my machine. I don't know what to think about it...
    – Henrik Schumacher
    Dec 13 at 7:51



















4














Pretty printing your result gives...



{{1/e, a/(b r), a/(c t)}, {b/(a y), 1/u, b/(c i)}, {c/(a g), c/(b h),1/j}}//MatrixForm


$left(
begin{array}{ccc}
frac{1}{e} & frac{a}{b r} & frac{a}{c t} \
frac{b}{a y} & frac{1}{u} & frac{b}{c i} \
frac{c}{a g} & frac{c}{b h} & frac{1}{j} \
end{array}
right)$



Try this, it avoids constructing the huge Outer[ ] matrix



Map[#/m &, MapThread[#1 #2 &, {m, 1/n}]] // MatrixForm


$left(
begin{array}{ccc}
frac{1}{e} & frac{a}{b r} & frac{a}{c t} \
frac{b}{a y} & frac{1}{u} & frac{b}{c i} \
frac{c}{a g} & frac{c}{b h} & frac{1}{j} \
end{array}
right)$






share|improve this answer





















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    2 Answers
    2






    active

    oldest

    votes








    2 Answers
    2






    active

    oldest

    votes









    active

    oldest

    votes






    active

    oldest

    votes









    6














    m = RandomReal[{-1, 1}, {2000}];
    n = RandomReal[{-1, 1}, {2000, 2000}];
    a = Outer[Divide, m, m]/n; // RepeatedTiming // First
    b = Map[#/m &, MapThread[#1 #2 &, {m, 1/n}]]; //
    RepeatedTiming // First
    c = m /(ConstantArray[m, Length[m]] n); // RepeatedTiming // First
    d = KroneckerProduct[m, 1./m]/n; // RepeatedTiming // First
    a == b == c == d



    0.958



    0.128



    0.0281



    0.0236



    True




    Edit



    A parallelized version



    cf = Compile[{{x, _Real}, {y, _Real, 1}, {z, _Real, 1}},
    x/(y z),
    CompilationTarget -> "C",
    RuntimeAttributes -> {Listable},
    Parallelization -> True,
    RuntimeOptions -> "Speed"
    ];
    e = cf[m, n, m]; // RepeatedTiming // First
    a == e



    0.0096



    True




    Timing has been measured on a Quad Core CPU which shows that this does not scale too well. Btw., the timing with CompilationTarget -> "C" is only 4% slower, so there is always no point to compile it into a library.






    share|improve this answer























    • I was just typing a comparison of the answers so far, but you were first. I wouldn't've expected that KroneckerProduct would be that quick. Any ideas on any way that might parallelise well? I will edit my question to include that as well.
      – ThunderBiggi
      Dec 13 at 6:43










    • See my edit for a parallelized version.
      – Henrik Schumacher
      Dec 13 at 7:03










    • I am using arbitrary precision numbers, so I guess 'Compile' is not really an option.
      – ThunderBiggi
      Dec 13 at 7:38










    • Also, interestingly, but on my machine, with Mathematica 11.3, a is faster than b though still slower than the other two.
      – ThunderBiggi
      Dec 13 at 7:42












    • Yeah, I was also surprised that a was so slow on my machine. I don't know what to think about it...
      – Henrik Schumacher
      Dec 13 at 7:51
















    6














    m = RandomReal[{-1, 1}, {2000}];
    n = RandomReal[{-1, 1}, {2000, 2000}];
    a = Outer[Divide, m, m]/n; // RepeatedTiming // First
    b = Map[#/m &, MapThread[#1 #2 &, {m, 1/n}]]; //
    RepeatedTiming // First
    c = m /(ConstantArray[m, Length[m]] n); // RepeatedTiming // First
    d = KroneckerProduct[m, 1./m]/n; // RepeatedTiming // First
    a == b == c == d



    0.958



    0.128



    0.0281



    0.0236



    True




    Edit



    A parallelized version



    cf = Compile[{{x, _Real}, {y, _Real, 1}, {z, _Real, 1}},
    x/(y z),
    CompilationTarget -> "C",
    RuntimeAttributes -> {Listable},
    Parallelization -> True,
    RuntimeOptions -> "Speed"
    ];
    e = cf[m, n, m]; // RepeatedTiming // First
    a == e



    0.0096



    True




    Timing has been measured on a Quad Core CPU which shows that this does not scale too well. Btw., the timing with CompilationTarget -> "C" is only 4% slower, so there is always no point to compile it into a library.






    share|improve this answer























    • I was just typing a comparison of the answers so far, but you were first. I wouldn't've expected that KroneckerProduct would be that quick. Any ideas on any way that might parallelise well? I will edit my question to include that as well.
      – ThunderBiggi
      Dec 13 at 6:43










    • See my edit for a parallelized version.
      – Henrik Schumacher
      Dec 13 at 7:03










    • I am using arbitrary precision numbers, so I guess 'Compile' is not really an option.
      – ThunderBiggi
      Dec 13 at 7:38










    • Also, interestingly, but on my machine, with Mathematica 11.3, a is faster than b though still slower than the other two.
      – ThunderBiggi
      Dec 13 at 7:42












    • Yeah, I was also surprised that a was so slow on my machine. I don't know what to think about it...
      – Henrik Schumacher
      Dec 13 at 7:51














    6












    6








    6






    m = RandomReal[{-1, 1}, {2000}];
    n = RandomReal[{-1, 1}, {2000, 2000}];
    a = Outer[Divide, m, m]/n; // RepeatedTiming // First
    b = Map[#/m &, MapThread[#1 #2 &, {m, 1/n}]]; //
    RepeatedTiming // First
    c = m /(ConstantArray[m, Length[m]] n); // RepeatedTiming // First
    d = KroneckerProduct[m, 1./m]/n; // RepeatedTiming // First
    a == b == c == d



    0.958



    0.128



    0.0281



    0.0236



    True




    Edit



    A parallelized version



    cf = Compile[{{x, _Real}, {y, _Real, 1}, {z, _Real, 1}},
    x/(y z),
    CompilationTarget -> "C",
    RuntimeAttributes -> {Listable},
    Parallelization -> True,
    RuntimeOptions -> "Speed"
    ];
    e = cf[m, n, m]; // RepeatedTiming // First
    a == e



    0.0096



    True




    Timing has been measured on a Quad Core CPU which shows that this does not scale too well. Btw., the timing with CompilationTarget -> "C" is only 4% slower, so there is always no point to compile it into a library.






    share|improve this answer














    m = RandomReal[{-1, 1}, {2000}];
    n = RandomReal[{-1, 1}, {2000, 2000}];
    a = Outer[Divide, m, m]/n; // RepeatedTiming // First
    b = Map[#/m &, MapThread[#1 #2 &, {m, 1/n}]]; //
    RepeatedTiming // First
    c = m /(ConstantArray[m, Length[m]] n); // RepeatedTiming // First
    d = KroneckerProduct[m, 1./m]/n; // RepeatedTiming // First
    a == b == c == d



    0.958



    0.128



    0.0281



    0.0236



    True




    Edit



    A parallelized version



    cf = Compile[{{x, _Real}, {y, _Real, 1}, {z, _Real, 1}},
    x/(y z),
    CompilationTarget -> "C",
    RuntimeAttributes -> {Listable},
    Parallelization -> True,
    RuntimeOptions -> "Speed"
    ];
    e = cf[m, n, m]; // RepeatedTiming // First
    a == e



    0.0096



    True




    Timing has been measured on a Quad Core CPU which shows that this does not scale too well. Btw., the timing with CompilationTarget -> "C" is only 4% slower, so there is always no point to compile it into a library.







    share|improve this answer














    share|improve this answer



    share|improve this answer








    edited Dec 13 at 7:03

























    answered Dec 13 at 6:32









    Henrik Schumacher

    48.1k467136




    48.1k467136












    • I was just typing a comparison of the answers so far, but you were first. I wouldn't've expected that KroneckerProduct would be that quick. Any ideas on any way that might parallelise well? I will edit my question to include that as well.
      – ThunderBiggi
      Dec 13 at 6:43










    • See my edit for a parallelized version.
      – Henrik Schumacher
      Dec 13 at 7:03










    • I am using arbitrary precision numbers, so I guess 'Compile' is not really an option.
      – ThunderBiggi
      Dec 13 at 7:38










    • Also, interestingly, but on my machine, with Mathematica 11.3, a is faster than b though still slower than the other two.
      – ThunderBiggi
      Dec 13 at 7:42












    • Yeah, I was also surprised that a was so slow on my machine. I don't know what to think about it...
      – Henrik Schumacher
      Dec 13 at 7:51


















    • I was just typing a comparison of the answers so far, but you were first. I wouldn't've expected that KroneckerProduct would be that quick. Any ideas on any way that might parallelise well? I will edit my question to include that as well.
      – ThunderBiggi
      Dec 13 at 6:43










    • See my edit for a parallelized version.
      – Henrik Schumacher
      Dec 13 at 7:03










    • I am using arbitrary precision numbers, so I guess 'Compile' is not really an option.
      – ThunderBiggi
      Dec 13 at 7:38










    • Also, interestingly, but on my machine, with Mathematica 11.3, a is faster than b though still slower than the other two.
      – ThunderBiggi
      Dec 13 at 7:42












    • Yeah, I was also surprised that a was so slow on my machine. I don't know what to think about it...
      – Henrik Schumacher
      Dec 13 at 7:51
















    I was just typing a comparison of the answers so far, but you were first. I wouldn't've expected that KroneckerProduct would be that quick. Any ideas on any way that might parallelise well? I will edit my question to include that as well.
    – ThunderBiggi
    Dec 13 at 6:43




    I was just typing a comparison of the answers so far, but you were first. I wouldn't've expected that KroneckerProduct would be that quick. Any ideas on any way that might parallelise well? I will edit my question to include that as well.
    – ThunderBiggi
    Dec 13 at 6:43












    See my edit for a parallelized version.
    – Henrik Schumacher
    Dec 13 at 7:03




    See my edit for a parallelized version.
    – Henrik Schumacher
    Dec 13 at 7:03












    I am using arbitrary precision numbers, so I guess 'Compile' is not really an option.
    – ThunderBiggi
    Dec 13 at 7:38




    I am using arbitrary precision numbers, so I guess 'Compile' is not really an option.
    – ThunderBiggi
    Dec 13 at 7:38












    Also, interestingly, but on my machine, with Mathematica 11.3, a is faster than b though still slower than the other two.
    – ThunderBiggi
    Dec 13 at 7:42






    Also, interestingly, but on my machine, with Mathematica 11.3, a is faster than b though still slower than the other two.
    – ThunderBiggi
    Dec 13 at 7:42














    Yeah, I was also surprised that a was so slow on my machine. I don't know what to think about it...
    – Henrik Schumacher
    Dec 13 at 7:51




    Yeah, I was also surprised that a was so slow on my machine. I don't know what to think about it...
    – Henrik Schumacher
    Dec 13 at 7:51











    4














    Pretty printing your result gives...



    {{1/e, a/(b r), a/(c t)}, {b/(a y), 1/u, b/(c i)}, {c/(a g), c/(b h),1/j}}//MatrixForm


    $left(
    begin{array}{ccc}
    frac{1}{e} & frac{a}{b r} & frac{a}{c t} \
    frac{b}{a y} & frac{1}{u} & frac{b}{c i} \
    frac{c}{a g} & frac{c}{b h} & frac{1}{j} \
    end{array}
    right)$



    Try this, it avoids constructing the huge Outer[ ] matrix



    Map[#/m &, MapThread[#1 #2 &, {m, 1/n}]] // MatrixForm


    $left(
    begin{array}{ccc}
    frac{1}{e} & frac{a}{b r} & frac{a}{c t} \
    frac{b}{a y} & frac{1}{u} & frac{b}{c i} \
    frac{c}{a g} & frac{c}{b h} & frac{1}{j} \
    end{array}
    right)$






    share|improve this answer


























      4














      Pretty printing your result gives...



      {{1/e, a/(b r), a/(c t)}, {b/(a y), 1/u, b/(c i)}, {c/(a g), c/(b h),1/j}}//MatrixForm


      $left(
      begin{array}{ccc}
      frac{1}{e} & frac{a}{b r} & frac{a}{c t} \
      frac{b}{a y} & frac{1}{u} & frac{b}{c i} \
      frac{c}{a g} & frac{c}{b h} & frac{1}{j} \
      end{array}
      right)$



      Try this, it avoids constructing the huge Outer[ ] matrix



      Map[#/m &, MapThread[#1 #2 &, {m, 1/n}]] // MatrixForm


      $left(
      begin{array}{ccc}
      frac{1}{e} & frac{a}{b r} & frac{a}{c t} \
      frac{b}{a y} & frac{1}{u} & frac{b}{c i} \
      frac{c}{a g} & frac{c}{b h} & frac{1}{j} \
      end{array}
      right)$






      share|improve this answer
























        4












        4








        4






        Pretty printing your result gives...



        {{1/e, a/(b r), a/(c t)}, {b/(a y), 1/u, b/(c i)}, {c/(a g), c/(b h),1/j}}//MatrixForm


        $left(
        begin{array}{ccc}
        frac{1}{e} & frac{a}{b r} & frac{a}{c t} \
        frac{b}{a y} & frac{1}{u} & frac{b}{c i} \
        frac{c}{a g} & frac{c}{b h} & frac{1}{j} \
        end{array}
        right)$



        Try this, it avoids constructing the huge Outer[ ] matrix



        Map[#/m &, MapThread[#1 #2 &, {m, 1/n}]] // MatrixForm


        $left(
        begin{array}{ccc}
        frac{1}{e} & frac{a}{b r} & frac{a}{c t} \
        frac{b}{a y} & frac{1}{u} & frac{b}{c i} \
        frac{c}{a g} & frac{c}{b h} & frac{1}{j} \
        end{array}
        right)$






        share|improve this answer












        Pretty printing your result gives...



        {{1/e, a/(b r), a/(c t)}, {b/(a y), 1/u, b/(c i)}, {c/(a g), c/(b h),1/j}}//MatrixForm


        $left(
        begin{array}{ccc}
        frac{1}{e} & frac{a}{b r} & frac{a}{c t} \
        frac{b}{a y} & frac{1}{u} & frac{b}{c i} \
        frac{c}{a g} & frac{c}{b h} & frac{1}{j} \
        end{array}
        right)$



        Try this, it avoids constructing the huge Outer[ ] matrix



        Map[#/m &, MapThread[#1 #2 &, {m, 1/n}]] // MatrixForm


        $left(
        begin{array}{ccc}
        frac{1}{e} & frac{a}{b r} & frac{a}{c t} \
        frac{b}{a y} & frac{1}{u} & frac{b}{c i} \
        frac{c}{a g} & frac{c}{b h} & frac{1}{j} \
        end{array}
        right)$







        share|improve this answer












        share|improve this answer



        share|improve this answer










        answered Dec 13 at 0:43









        MikeY

        1,952410




        1,952410






























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